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Cooking
Appliance Repair
Many kitchens are equipped with a variety of
small cooking appliances including grills, sandwich makers, waffle irons,
frying pans, skillets, and electric woks that may need fixing. Some have
controls built into the appliance while others have them built into the
detachable cord. We'll take a look at how to fix both types here because they
all work similarly.
How Does It Work?
Cooking appliances are designed to cook food at
changeable temperatures. In some units, the temperature control is permanently
attached to the appliance; the unitcannot be immersed in water for cleaning.
Those with removable controls often can be immersed with the controls detached.
Some units with built-in controls have removable electric cords and some have
built-in nonremovable cords.
Small cooking grills have one element and no
thermostat to regulate temperature. Sandwich makers and waffle irons have two
cooking surfaces with internal heating elements; cooking temperature is
regulated by a built-in thermostat. In some cases the elements are exposed (you
can actually see them turn red hot) or covered (you can't see the element, but
you can feel the heat).
What Can Go Wrong?
Many things can go wrong with these cooking
appliances. Fortunately, most of the units are relatively simple in design and
simple to fix. For example, the electrical cord may malfunction. The heating
element may be broken. The terminal pins on detachable cords may be faulty. The
thermostat may malfunction. Internal wiring may have a short circuit. Other
internal parts may be damaged or not working properly.
Caution!
Make sure you read the
cooking appliance owner's manual before trying to clean it. Some can be
immersed in water (though typically not put in a dishwasher) while others have
nonstick surfaces that only require wiping with a damp cloth. Don't immerse any part of the unit in water
unless the manufacturer says it's okay.
How Can I Identify the Problem?
In most cases, the problem is obvious. The cause of the problem may be a little more
difficult to identify. If the appliance does not heat, make sure that power is
on at the outlet and test the electrical cord; replace it
if needed. If this doesn't work, disassemble the unit and test the heating element .
On appliances that have removable power cords,
inspect the terminal pins (see below). Test the thermostat; if it doesn't work properly, carefully use contact
cleaner and a brush to remove any food residue.
If the appliance heats on one side only, test
each heating element and replace it if it is defective. While you have the unit
open, check the internal wiring (see below).
If the appliance does not heat to the proper
temperature, check the thermostatcontacts.
Some cooking appliances have an adjustment to reset the temperature ranges;
you'll need the owner's manual to do this job.
Fix-It Tip
The majority of problems
with cooking appliances are caused by food. Pancake batter is especially tough
on controls, seeping into crevices, then cooking into a hard mass.
What Parts, Materials, and Tools Do I Need?
Remove
screws to access the heating element and other internal
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With basic tools and a multimeter you can test and replace many
components on cooking appliances. Replacement parts can be purchased from the
appliance manufacturer or various aftermarket suppliers. These are the tools
you'll need:
·
Screwdrivers
·
Multimeter
·
Small file
·
Fine sandpaper
·
Brass brush
·
Contact cleaner
What Are the Steps to Fixing It?
Use a multimeter to test the heating elements.
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Disassemble and test cooking appliances:
1.
Unplug the
unit from the electrical outlet.
2.
For
appliances with a removable cord, use contact cleaner, fine sandpaper, a small
file or emery board, or a brass brush to carefully clean the terminal pins
located where the cord connects to the appliance.
3.
Remove
screws and/or clips to access controls on the unit or the removable cord. Clean
the controls with contact cleaner, sandpaper, or file, being careful not to
damage them or loosen parts.
4.
Remove
screws and/or clips to access the heating element . Use amultimeter to test for continuity and replace any faulty element.
5.
To adjust
the heat control, follow the steps below.
6.
To service
the heat control, follow the steps below.
Adjust the heat control:
1.
Use a candy
thermometer to verify the appliance's actual heat against its indicated heat.
If the cooking appliance cooks with liquids (fry pan, wok, etc.), add water to
the half-mark to test.
2.
Adjust the
heat indicator on the control or adjust the temperature-adjustment screw (if
available) to match the unit's actual heat.
3.
Recheck the
actual temperature against the indicated temperature and readjust as needed.
Service the heat control:
1.
Unplug the
control and open the housing. Set a multimeter on RX1 (resistance times 1) and touch
the thermostat terminals with the probes. In the on position,
the meter should read near zero ohms.
2.
Clean any
contacts to remove food or corrosion, then polish with fine sandpaper or steel
wool. If the contacts have only a little debris, use contact cleaner.
3.
If the heat
control still doesn't work correctly, replace it with an exact replacement
part.
Fix-It Tip
Use colored nail
polish to mark small appliances and their respective detachable cords.
Otherwise you might wind up with a drawer of cords and not be sure which
plug-in cord goes with which small cooking appliance.
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